Still, there is a shortage of information on the anti-COVID-19 agents derived from medicinal herbal extracts and their bioactivities. Įvidence emphasizes that herbal medicine could be worthwhile in the management of COVID-19. Accordingly, quite a lot of reports have recommended the efficacy of herbal bioactive compounds in reducing and managing the risk of SARS-CoV-2. This could be attributed to their ability to stop viral enzymatic and protein activities thus inhibiting viral entry and replication in the affected host cells. Phytochemical metabolites, such as tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, and polyphenols, have shown efficacy against pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, it could be possible to develop novel drugs with possible anti-COVID-19 efficacy from herbs and their bioactive components. This could be attributed mainly to the profound availability and relatively low cost of medicinal plants in these tribes. People worldwide, particularly from Asian counties including Japan, India, and China, and also some African populations have employed herbs as remedies to alleviate symptoms of many diseases since the ancient age and are even up to date. Medicinal herbs may be an ideal gateway toward finding effective anti-COVID-19 therapeutics. Accordingly, the main concern for researchers is the innovation of reliable and effective antiviral therapeutics for SARS-CoV-2.
Several types of vaccines are now available to hinder the COVID-19 pandemic nonetheless their delivery is still a challenge, especially for developing countries. There is no definite, consolidated, and efficient remedy for COVID-19 infections. Cytokine storm, multi-organ dysfunction, and acute respiratory syndrome are some of such effects. In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 triggers an inflammatory immune response and the release of proinflammatory cytokines that result in many consequences. SARS-CoV-2 causes a disease in the respiratory tract of humans using the same receptor used by SARS-CoV the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. Conclusionsīased on the studies reviewed in this work, it was concluded with no doubt that phytochemical components present in various herbs could have a starring role in the deterrence and cure of coronavirus contagion. Finally, we have summarized various herbal products, functional foods, and dietary supplements with potent bioactive compounds which can inhibit and/or prevent COVID-19 disease progression. Moreover, by investigating the herbal bioactive components, we have outlined several medicinal herbs that can fight against COVID-19 by hindering SARS-CoV-2 replication and entry to its host cells, deterring the cytokine storm, and several other means. Herein, we explored medicinal herbs as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 and discussed how these studies help form larger discussions of diet and disease. This review highlights the recently published studies concerning natural traditional herbs, herbal bioactive metabolites, dietary supplements, and functional foods that could help prevent and/or treat COVID-19. To enable investigators and researchers to identify potential herbal compounds with anti-COVID activity to be used as promising therapies to combat this pandemic. In the present work, we have focused on plant-based remedies with promising anti-COVID-19 activities.
Dietary supplements specifically vitamin D, vitamin C, and zinc provide good prophylactic and therapeutic support to the presently available treatment regimens. In addition, physicians worldwide are highly interested in vitamin and mineral supplements to help them combat COVID-19 either through protection or treatment. Still, countless recent studies recommend various alternative and complementary approaches against COVID-19, which are medicinal herbs employed as traditional remedies to enhance immunity to struggle with viral infections. There are no established effective preventive or therapeutic anti-COVID-19 drugs available except for some recently approved vaccines. Recently, the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is a chief public health disaster caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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